Thyroid disorders occur when the production of the thyroid hormone is too much (overactive thyroid disease or hyperthyroidism), or too little (underactive thyroid disease or hypothyroidism).
Thyroid glands are shape like butterfly and are located in front of the trachea (wind pipe) below the voice box (larynx). Thyroid glands produce thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones play an important role in regulating body temperature, energy, body's use of other hormones and vitamins, metabolic rate and also help in the growth and maturating of the body tissues.
Unusual enlargement of thyroid gland is referred to as goiter. Goiter is more common in women, than in men. Goiter may happen for a short period of time and eventually decrease without any treatment. Few causes of goiter include Hashimoto's disease, Grave's disease, thyroid cancer or nodules.
Thyroid disorders can be treated by medication or surgery as required. Treatment options vary depending upon the thyroid condition.
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